How does laser affect bone formation?
Several studies have looked at promoting stem cell differentiation:
- Abramovitch-Gottlib et al. (2005)
- 632.8 nm
- Peng et al. (2012)
- 620 nm
- Li et al. (2010)
- 630 nm
- Soleimani et al. (2012)
- 810 nm
These studies used the principle of shifting the metabolic profile from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (due to the increased mitochondrial number and activity induced by the light exposure).
This metabolic switch is a key factor in stem cell osteogenic differentiation (Shum et al. 2016)
Wang et al. (2017) compared the effects of delivering four different wavelengths on human adipose-derived stem cell differentiation into osteoblasts.
They found that 420 to 810 wavelengths stimulated osteoblast differentiation.
Prior to this Barbosa et al. (2013) had found that 790 to 830 nm increased bone growth for longer than 660 to 690 nm
Wang et al. (2017) said intracellular calcium was highest at 540nm and concluded that the laser activated the light-gated calcium channels rather than CCO.